Charge-forming device for internal-combustion engines.



H. GASSEDL'SR. & R. s. PURSER. CHARGE FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

' APPLIQATION TILED MAY 6, 1910.

' Patented 0011.4,1910.

2 SHEETS+SHEET 1.

WITHESSESp I H. CASSBDY, s1; & R. s'. PURSBR. CHARGE FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION EKGHTES.

APPLiOATION rum) mm, (910. r I I Patented Oct/1', 1910.

2 .SKEET8SHEET Z.

, WIT/(8858: I INVEHTORS V f/mam jzpudg/dr 1gb?! J. rzmscr ATTORNEYS HIRAM GASSEDY, SR., AND'RdBEB-T SEAL; PURSE F BR'OOKHAVEN, MISSISSIPPI.

CHARGE-FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES. v

Specification of Letters Patent. I

pPat-ented Oct. 4, 1910.

To all it may concern; a

Be it known that. we, Home: Cassnor, S12, and ROBERT SEMI. Punsnn; both citizens of the United States, and residents of'Brookhaven, in the connty of Lincoln and State of Mississippi, have invented a new and I mproved Charge-Forming Device for Interrial-Combustion Engines, of which the following is. a full, clear, and cxactdescription.

This invention relates to certain improvements 1n mechanism for forming, controlling, and delivering charges of explosive mixture to internal combustion engines, and j the object .of' the invention is to provide for .the delivery of a uniform 'i'uixture of air supercharged with the vaporized fuel and to dilute this mixture to the desired extent before delivering it to the engine.-

Our invcntiouin its preferred form QII'. bodies a. pump which takes in air and liquid fuel, vaporizes the latter and delivers the superchargednir to aspecial mixing chamber. The piston of the pump is so timed in regard to the engine piston that it delivers its charge during the suction stroke of the piston of the engine. By regulating the dilution of the mixture, proper mixture.

may be delivered to the engine for any de-v sired speed or power, and there will beno excess fuel for forming carbon or carbonaceous deposits within the cylinder. Any form of liquid fuel may be used, for instance, alcohol, kerosene, or gasolene, withoutaltering in any way the construction of the mechanism.

Reference 1s to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate correspondingparts 1n allthe figures, and, in which.

Fi ure 1 is a side elevation of an engine provided with our improved chargeforming device, the latter and a portion of the engine cylinder beingsshown in section; Fig. is

a longitudinal section through the pump. the piston being at the limit of its downward stroke; F ig. 3 is a. longitudinal section on the line 33 of Fig. 2, the piston being shown in side elevation; and Fig. 4 is a sectionel detail of the liquid fuel delivery for the pump and on a somewhat larger scale than Fig. 2.

To clearly set forth the construction and operation of our improved mechanism. We have illustrated it in the accompanying drawings in. connection with an internal the crank Application filed ma a. .1910. Serial'No. 559,739.

combustion engine having a cylinder 10, a piston. 11, and aninwardly-opening mechanically operated iuletvalve 12. I Our improved mechanism includes a cylinder 13 having means for securingthe same in place to the engine-cylinder, base or other stationary support. As illustrated, the cylinder 13 has a base 13 adapted to be bolted to the side of the engine cylinder so that. the axis of the engine cylinderand" the axis of the pumpcylinder 13. will be substantially parallel. Within the. pump cylinder is a piston 14 driven from the crank shaft in any suitable manner, as, for instance,

by a piston rod later-urinating in an eccentric strap encircling an eccentric 17 on shaft 18. mounted that it reaches the upper end of its stroke just prior to the opening of the. inlet valve 12. The. pump cylinder serves not This piston is so only for delivering the mixture, but it also serves to vaporize the l quid fuel. The liquid fuel 15 delivered through a suitable conduit to-a valve casing 19. shown particularly in Fig. 4. \Yithin this casing is a needle. valve 20, by means of which the liquid fuel may be regulated. and a spring-pressed ball'valve .21 for preventingthe return flow of fuel through the casing. The spring is of sufiicient strength tofhold the valve closed,

'hen there is a partial vacuum in the cylinder. Thus, if the engine stops with the ports 2 uncovered, no liquid will escape.

The valve casing 19 is screwed into the side of the cylinder at a point intermediate the ends of the latter. and the inlet ports 22' from the casing are normally covered by the piston 14. The port is uncovered after the piston has comp etcd the major portion of its down stroke but. before said piston reaches the end of the stroke. Belowthe fuel inlet port 2 are one or more an inlet ports .23. leading through the wall of the o) linden and serving to establish communicat-ion between the interior of the cylinder and the outside atmosphere.) These ports 23 are uncovered after the fuel inletsor ports 22 are uncovered and just before the piston reaches the extreme end of the stroke. The

of the cylinder and at such a. point that it is never uncovered by the piston. At the inner end of the delivery conduit 24 is a small chamber 25 formed upon the inner surface of the cylinder. 1A conduit 26 leads through the head of the piston and to the delivery conduit 2t leads through the wall Q instantly closes. The descent of the piston outer periphery of the skirt of the piston at such a point that it communicates with this chamher'25 when the piston is at the excauses a .13 and tns vacuum continuously increases treme upper end ofits stroke. This passage or conduit 26 is controlled by a valve 2?, which opens downwardly and is normally held in closed position bye spring 28. In the operation of the pumping and min ing mechanism, the piston descends from the position indicated in Fig. 1 and the valve 2-7 artial vacuum within the cylinder until the inlet port is uncovered. Liquid fuel then rushes in past the neculevalve and the'ball valve 21, and is sprayed into the cylinderhead, and the l w r end oft.

the cylinder. Immediately thereafter the ports are uncovered and air rushes in from the outside atmcs here to reduce the pressure in the ump cy inder to that of the atmosphere. T is pump piston immediately returns to cover first t e ports 23 and then the ports 22, and to compress the charge within the cylinder. When the piston reachcs approximatelythe upper end of its stroke. the valve stem of the valve 27 abuts agai st conduit 26 comes into communication elm the chamber 25. The mixture within the pump cylinder and under high pressure then rushes past the valve 27 and through the delivery conduit 24. It, is evident that the valve 27 is opened not only mechanically but also by the pressure of the as upon. the uncovering of the lower end 0 the conduit 26. Either the mechanical or the automatic o ening of the valve may be relied upon to t 1e exclusion of the other. The valve-27 is located atthe center of the piston and the upper surface of the face o the piston is dis ed or inclined downwardly from the periphery toward thecenter, so that any fuel which is not vaporized in the cylinder and which collects on the piston, will flow to the valve 27 and he delivered with the charge when the "latter escapes through the conduits 26 and 24. p I

For facilitating the lubrication of the piston, we preferably provide a transverse wall or partition 29, within the piston and encircling the conduit 26. Between this partition and the cylinder head is a chamber 30,

from which a plurality of passages 31 lead outwardly to the periphery of thepiston. For delivering lubricant to the chamber. a conduit 32 leads downwardly through the wall of the cylinder and registers with an r are shown in dotted-lines in F 2.

inclined passage 33' in the wall of the piston, when the latter is at the lower end of its stroke. Th s passage end. the conduit A suitable overflow conduit 34 may lead through the partition 29 and have its upper end terminate adjacent the under surface of the piston face, so that a quantity of lubricant may normally be stored within the chamber. 30, and air or an excess of lubricant may escape.

For properly diluting the charge delivof small perforations through which the charge from the pump is delivered. This perforated inner end constitutes a sprayv nozzle and-aids in the vaporization of any liquid which may not have been vaporized in the pump and. carried through in a liquid state. The spray nozzle supports asubstantially spherical wire gauze inner casing 39,,

somewhat smaller than thecasing 35 and substantially concentric therewith. The supercharged mixture is delivered from the spray nozzle to the interior of this casing and in escaping through the wire gauze wall any small particles of liquid carried along withthe mixture erecanght and exposed to facilitate their vaporization.

The chamber 37 has an inlet port 40, ad-

jncent the inlet end of the passage 38 and an outlet port 41 adjacent the delivery end of the passage 38. W'ithin the partition 36 and adjacent the inlet to,

the. casing, is a slide valve 42, which may be moved transversely, so as to close either the port 40 or the inlet end of the passage 38, or to very their relative eliective sizes. Any suitable mechanism, as, for instance, a lever and rod, may be em loyed for. operating this slide valve. Ad acent the outlet port 41 and the outlet end of the passage 38, is any suitable form of throttle valve 43, as, for instance, the ordinary butterfly valve. From this throttle valve, a conduit, for instance an elbow 4:1, delivers to the inletport of the engine. The inlet port -10 to the chamber 37, is at one side of the bottom of the letter. 50 that a small quantity of liquid may collect upon the bottom of the chamber without-flowing out through the inlet port 40.

In operating the engine, the throttle valve 43 is opened to the desired extent to deliver the proper quantity of mixture, and the slide 42 is operated to vary the percentage composition of the mixture. For instance, with the slide 42 moved to the extreme righthand position from the os'ition shown in Fig. 1. all of the air admitted to the engine would have to pass through the port 40 and the charge thus delivered to the engine would contain the maximum quantity of the liquid fuel; By moving the slide 42 to the extreme vleft-hand position, the port 40 would be closed and uncharged air would be delivered to the engine. The mixture entering the chamber 1 .7 is of uniform composition and too rich to be ciiicient The exp tent to which it is diluted determines the force of the explosion in the cylinder. It-

will thus be: noted that in our improved chargc iorming device. We first form the rich charge of uniform composition by forced vaporization which permits of the use of any vaporizable liquid fuel. We then,

dilute this mist are to the desired extent, and

thereby can so regulate the" mixture. as to' secure the greatest etticzency. The liquid [even though it have a low vaporizing pomL.

yet our improved device forces the vaporizm tion to form a saturated mixture. The

liquid is first sucked into a vacuum, then.

subjected to an inrushing current of air,

then compressed uith the air. then blown out through the conduit 26 with the air. and finally discharged through the spray nozzle and the wire gauze wall. I

. .llaving thus-z described our invention, We

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: j

1. A charge-fornnng device for internal combustion engines. including a pump hav-' ing separate fuel and air inlet ports, and a mixing chamber, to which said pump delivers, and provided with an air inlet port- Q. A chargeforming device for internal combustion engines. having a ump provided with a liquid fuel inlet ant an air inlet, a delivery passage, a mixing chamber to which sai passage delivers, connections between said mixing chamber and the inlet of the engine, and an independent air inletfor the engine.

3. A charge-forming device for internal combustion engines, having .1 pump including a cylinder and a pistonysaid cylinder having a liquid fuel inlet. an air inlet and an outlet conduit, a spray nozzle on said out let conduit, and a mixingohamber. having a partition subdividing the same into two substantially parallel passages. both delivering to the-inlet ot' the engine. one of which incloscs said spray nozzle and the other of which constitutes an air passage. I a 4. A charge-forming device. for internal combustion engines. including a pumphaving a cylinder and a piston. said cylinder having an inlet port. for liquid fuel and an inlet port for air. both of which ports are uncovered by the piston and in the order named when said piston is adjacent'the end of its suction stroke, an outlet passage communicating with the interior of the cylinder when the piston is adjacent the end of its comprc:-sion stroke, and a mixing chamber connected to said outlet. passage and provided with an air inlet; independent of said passage.

5. A charge-forming device for internal combustion engines, including a pu'npcylindcr, a piston movable therein, said cylinder having a fuel inlet port and an air inlet. port. uncovered in succession as said iston approaches the end .of its suction stro e, an outlet conduit, a conduit leading through said piston and communicating with said outlet conduit when the piston is adjacent the end of its compression stroke, means for diluting the charge delivered through said outlet conduit, ano comictions between said diluting means and the inletof the engine. r 6. A charge-forming device for internal combustion engines, havin' a cylinder, 2. piston movable therein an having a concave u )per face, a conduit having one end therco communicating with the center of said piston face and the opposite end delivering through the eriphery of the piston, a valve for contro ling said conduit, said cylinder having a fuel inlet port. and an air inlet port. uncovered in succession by said piston when the latter'is adjacent the end of its suction stroke, anda delivery conduit communicating with the conduit: in said pisto deliver supercharged mixture, at casingv having a partition dividing the same into two passages. one of which 18 substantially spherical in form, a suhstantiall spherical- \vire gauze casing within sai spherical passage, a spray nozzle within and wire gauze casing, connections between said pump and said spray nozzle, and connections between both of the passages in said casing and the inlet of the engine.

8. A chargeforming device for internal f combustion engines, having a pump adapted todeliver supercharged mixture, a casing having a partition'dividing the same intotwo pussa es, one of which is substantially spherical in fl rm, a substantially. spherical wire gauze casing within said spherical passage, a spray nozzle within said wire gauze casing,

connections between said pump and said spray nozzle. connections between both of" the passages in said casing and the inlet of the engine, and a valve for controlling the relative sizes of the inlets to said passages.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of the subscribing witnesses, HIRAM CASSEDY, Sn 7 ROBERT SEAL PURSER. Witnesses: r S. T. )mvnmf T. Mon'roormar, S. B. McNAm. A 

